Obsolescence, outmoded. Antiquated, archaic, outdated, out-of-date, “the process of passing out of use or usefulness; becoming obsolete.”. Simplifying, It refers to the condition of becoming unnecessary due to the creation of something more modern or effective. On the other hand, planned obsolescence is a strategy where manufacturers deliberately design products with a limited lifespan, compelling consumers to replace them sooner than necessary. A classic example is the automotive industry, precisely General Motors (GM) in the 1920s. GM introduced the concept of making minor yet frequent changes to car models to encourage consumers to purchase the latest version, even if their current vehicle was still functional. This approach drove repeat sales and set a precedent for other industries, including electronics, appliances and fashion. This article aims to help consumers dribble this scheme to rely on a more efficient and durable product.
Obsolescence can occur in various forms, not just through deliberate planning by manufacturers. A typical example is functional obsolescence, where a product becomes outdated due to the introduction of a superior model. For instance, the transition from simple mobile phones to smartphones made older devices obsolete, not because they stopped working, but because they needed more advanced features consumers now expect. As we said in the previous paragraph, GM is mentioned as one of the main examples of planned obsolescence for the creation of its concept.
Alfred P. Sloan, CEO of General Motors in the 1920s, has his name attributed to the practice. Sloan’s strategy of regularly updating car models to encourage repeat purchases revolutionised the automotive industry and set the stage for similar practices in other sectors. While Sloan is credited with formalising the concept, the practice has likely existed in various forms for much longer.
Famous cases involve frequent updates in smartphone operating systems, often leading to older models needing to be more active and compatible with new apps. This gradual reduction in performance encourages consumers to upgrade to newer models, even if their current device is still functional. Apple, in particular, has faced legal challenges over allegations that it supposedly slows down older iPhones to push users towards newer versions. Another example is the “Phoebus cartel,” an agreement among major light bulb manufacturers in the 1920s that intentionally limited the lifespan of light bulbs to around 1,000 hours, down from the previous standard of 2,500 hours. This move ensured that consumers would need to buy replacements more frequently, illustrating a clear case of planned obsolescence. Although some cases often come from a natural outcome of technological progress, some purposely use this strategy to deceive consumers.
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CALL NOWThe theory of planned obsolescence posits that manufacturers design products with an intentionally limited lifespan to encourage repeat purchases. This theory is often criticised for promoting wasteful consumption and environmental degradation. The counterpart defends this as part of the obsolescence rule, referring that products are designed to have a finite lifespan, after which they become obsolete, parting from the principle that planned obsolescence is built on the idea that products should not last indefinitely. Instead, they are designed to become outdated after a certain period, either through physical deterioration, technological advancements, or changing consumer trends. This principle is integral to many industries, where constantly introducing new products is necessary to maintain market dynamics and profitability. The rule is often applied in industries where frequent updates or innovations are needed to maintain competitiveness, such as in technology or fashion. However, environmentalists and consumers differ on the benefits and fair pricing this application affects. The cons seem to be far beyond more detrimental to society and the planet. Whether it drives economic growth or the collapse of our environment depends on who approaches the subject and the interests behind their rhetoric. The balance between these debates remains a contention among the sides of interest.
Yes, planned obsolescence is still in practice today across multiple industries and manufacturers purposely creating challenges to repair, shortening a product’s usable lifespan, and frequently requiring regular updates or replacements. This is evident in the smartphone industry, where new models are released annually, encouraging consumers to upgrade despite their current phones being fully functional. Such practices highlight the ongoing relevance of planned obsolescence in today’s market. The ethicality of planned obsolescence is a subject of significant debate. Critics argue that it exploits consumers by forcing them to buy new products unnecessarily, leading to increased waste and environmental harm.
On the other hand, proponents suggest that it can drive innovation by encouraging the development of new products and technologies. For instance, while some view the frequent updates in the tech industry as unethical, others see them as essential for progress. Whether planned obsolescence is ethical depends on one’s perspective on consumer rights versus corporate interests.
The legality of planned obsolescence often hinges on the fine line between strategic business practices and deceptive tactics. While the practice is legal in most countries, it is subject to scrutiny, especially when companies are accused of intentionally reducing a product’s lifespan. For example, in France, laws now require manufacturers to inform consumers if spare parts will be available and how long, which aims to combat planned obsolescence. However, in many cases, the practice is seen as a way to drive innovation and economic growth rather than a deliberate attempt to exploit consumers. According to Lucas Gutterman, the director designed the Last Campaign, an addition to PIRG’s Right to Repair program. “The European Union recently required all products to be replaceable and banned battery software lockouts (also called “parts pairing”) to enable repair. Gutterman adds, “We should be able to fix our stuff. Not long ago, most consumer goods and business products were easily repaired at home or the local fix-it shop with widely available parts. But more and more, manufacturers of cell phones, medical devices, appliances, and even tractors have implemented legal, digital and physical barriers that impede or even prevent repair.”. Boiler Solutions offers customers the guarantee of repairing any faulty equipment during the first year after the repair request and new parts installation. Also, customers are eligible for annual checkups for 24 months if they install a new boiler. See below Gutterman’s recommendations to be conscious of these problems:
To avoid falling victim to indirect obsolescence, consumers should focus on purchasing products that offer durability, repairability, and compatibility with future technologies. Informing themselves about its reputation and capability to be repaired with avulse parts. Opting for devices with modular designs, which allow for easy upgrades and repairs, can extend a product’s lifespan. Additionally, staying informed about industry trends, rules, and new laws is the key when choosing new products. Observing the effectiveness and compromise of companies on transparent communication and commitment to long-term support can help consumers make smarter purchasing decisions. At Boiler Solutions, we offer a dedicated service where you get specilised advice before making any choice, our services are meant to give tailored advice until you find the proper deal. Contact us today for a consultation on whether you need revisions, repair, or the installation of a brand-new boiler.